Citation & License

EduStrat (Educational Stratification in PISA)

How to Cite

If you use EduStrat or results generated by it in your research, please cite the tool, the PISA database, and the R package used to access the data:

The Tool (APA):
Schoenholzer, K. (2026). EduStrat: A browser-based tool for teaching quantitative analysis of educational inequality with PISA microdata [Working paper]. https://github.com/kevisc/edustrat
The Tool (BibTeX):
@article{schoenholzer2026,
  title   = {EduStrat: A Browser-Based Tool for Teaching
             Quantitative Analysis of Educational Inequality
             with {PISA} Microdata},
  author  = {Schoenholzer, Kevin},
  year    = {2026},
  note    = {Working paper},
  url     = {https://github.com/kevisc/edustrat}
}
The Data Source (learningtower R package):
Wang, K., Yacobellis, P., Siregar, E., Romanes, S., Fitter, K., Dalla Riva, G. V., Cook, D., Tierney, N., Dingorkar, P., Sai Subramanian, S., & Chen, G. (2024). learningtower: OECD PISA datasets from 2000–2022 in an easy-to-use format (R package, version 1.1.0). https://doi.org/10.32614/CRAN.package.learningtower
The Original PISA Data:
OECD (2024). Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Database. Paris: OECD. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/pisa/

Author

Kevin Schoenholzer
Institute of Communication and Public Policy, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI)
ORCID: 0000-0001-9892-5869

Free Use & License

MIT License. You are free to:

No permission required — just cite the tool and data source as shown above.

Disclaimer

Use at your own risk.

This tool is provided "as is" without warranties of any kind. While we strive for accuracy, the software may contain errors. Results should be independently verified for critical applications. EduStrat uses a single plausible value per domain (a constraint of the learningtower R package, which provides only PV1) and does not implement replicate-weight variance estimation; users requiring publication-grade inference should replicate analyses using all plausible values and BRR procedures in a dedicated statistical environment (see OECD guidance on analysing the PISA database).

The views and analyses generated by this tool do not reflect the official position of the OECD or its member countries.

OECD Terms of Use

The PISA microdata used by EduStrat are sourced from the OECD PISA Public Use Files via the learningtower R package. In accordance with the OECD Terms of Use, micro-level student data extracted from the PISA Public Use Files are not redistributed through this application. All export functions provide aggregated statistics, computed estimates, and visualizations only — not individual student records.

Users wishing to access the original PISA microdata should obtain it directly from the OECD PISA Data Portal and agree to the OECD's Terms of Use.

Source Code & Documentation

For complete documentation, methodology details, and source code:

Report issues or contribute improvements on GitHub Issues.

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